Martin Chuzzlewit by Charles Dickens :: essays research papers

Martin Chuzzlewit by Charles Dickens "My primary item in this story was, to display in an assortment of angles the commonest of the considerable number of indecencies: to show how Selfishness spreads itself; and to what a dreary goliath it might develop, from little beginnings"- Charles Dickens about the reason for his novel: Martin Chuzzlewit (130)"Because the narrow minded man sees no basic intrigue or security among himself and the remainder of his reality he is liberated from moral remorse, allowed to build a bogus self, veil, rã'le, or persona, and making careful effort to shield his genuine self from the infringements of an unfriendly world." - Joseph Gold (131)"Any sort of creative mind isolated from its material or radiation turns into a Specter of Selfhood"- Blake (134) 12/20/96Selfishness Versus Goodness and Hypocrisy Versus CandorIn his book, Joseph Gold gives us a summary on how childishness typifies itself all through Martin Chuzzlewit. He examinations likely images in the book, which gave me a greater amount of an understanding and another viewpoint that helped me see the fundamental characters and their change in an alternate setting. Narrow-mindedness and lip service mark their casualties with bogus shells and contorted characters and persuade in their prevalence over humanity. This renders them unequipped for encountering anything genuine and leave them mishandling after bogus certainties, while exploiting the unadulterated on the most fundamental level. This is by all accounts the embodiment of what Gold needs to speak with his analysis.Pecksniff is the poser who avoids nobody with regards to him making a benefit. Unaware of his failure to self-reflect or maybe glad for his lifted up ethicalness, Pecksniff is the exemplification of uprightness, as Gold clarifies; he is in the book to show the extraordinary and explains America’s job as a "national Pecksniff". Through him do Thomas Pinch and Martin Chu zzlewit the Elder at last make them fully aware of their own lesser indecencies; Pinch’s naã ¯ve conduct changes after stood up to with the genuine, or should I say bogus shell of, Pecksniff, while Chuzzlewit Sr. sees portions of himself in Pecksniff and is simultaneously helped to remember genuine uprightness, trustworthiness and human reliance through Thomas Pinch. Gold goes completely into an investigation of the worldview among Jonas and the Book of Jonah, the two characters escaping from their own selves; it isn’t until they acknowledge the rib, as Sairey Gamp puts it, connoting Jonah’s come back to God in the whale’s stomach, that they can arrive at self-satisfaction.

Economics-Increasing Demand Rate of the Car-Free-Samples

Question: Clarify, giving suitable models, why vehicle makers are continually presenting new models. Answer: The interest for vehicle is expanding step by step as individuals are utilizing this vehicle to cover a significant distance inside a brief timeframe. Thus, in both created and creating nations, individuals are requesting vehicles as a fundamental product. The rule idea of this paper is to dissect the explanation that why makers of vehicle are continually presenting new models. There are different purposes for this. Producers are making new vehicles with new advances to meet those rules, which shoppers are requesting. Consequently, in this specific circumstance, ideas of advantage of the buyers, expenses of makers and market structure of the vehicle business are some significant viewpoints, which ought to be talked about in this article. New models with new plans and advancements can pull in buyers. This idea likewise encourages a vehicle producer to contend with different contenders. The main method to investigate this circumstance is to watch different models, which are presented b y various driving vehicle makers and fundamental financial ideas that help this view. Subsequent to examining these ideas, it will be seen that a few models have sold with a gigantic interest, while, a few models couldn't contend in the market. Subsequently, toward the finish of this article, it will be talked about that what sort of updates are required in future. As innovation is improving step by step, the vehicle makers can likewise consolidate these developments in their model. There will be various graphs and charts, which will mirror the pattern of a vehicle producer in the market. Vehicle industry is quickly growing their business as of late. Distinctive vehicle fabricating organizations are acquainting new models of vehicles with fulfill the raising need of clients. Clients desires on a vehicle are primarily founded on the quality, security, utility and dependability. Makers are attempting to present new models dependent on those measures. Simultaneously, makers can procure more elevated level of benefits by selling new models of vehicle with significant expenses. In any case, simultaneously, overcapacity has made weight on the car business to control the cost of vehicle. Because of ecological concerns, the main motivation of a producer is to care for different issues, similar to, discharges of tailpipe, creation of carbon dioxide and reusing. One of the developing issues is urban blockage everywhere throughout the world that successfully diminishes the utilization of vehicles among various urban areas. These difficulties lead the car business to advance and present new models of vehicles. General Motors of U.S made various sorts of vehicles dependent on various requests of their buyers. The main focal point of a vehicle delivering organization in U.S is to take care of the speed, security and solace of buyers. Additionally, suspensions, insides, slick bodies and frame of vehicles are likewise some significant variables to present new models of vehicles. Vehicle producers have earned significant significance in the car business, around the world. They have taken some essential duties identified with improvement of items, assembling and designing as a result of some basic frameworks in the business. The car producing industry in Australia has confronted different troubles for which it needs to present new models of vehicles. The purpose for these challenges is that, in Australia, engine vehicle makers can't get by in a profoundly serious world market and residential car markets. Some notable vehicle fabricating businesses, similar to, Fo rd, Toyota and Holden have announced that before 2017, they will stop nearby creations. The central explanations for delivering new models of vehicles are advantages, expenses and market structures, inside a car industry. In this unique circumstance, a few articles identified with financial aspects can be broke down. These will assist perusers with understanding the efficient explanation for delivering new models of vehicles. As indicated by a financial matters paper of Safiullin, Ismagilova, Gallyamova and Safiullin, customer surplus is a significant idea of advantage. As indicated by Alfred Marshall, a shopper is prepared to address cost for a product or administration, when the individual in question gets profits by it (Safiullin et al., 2013). In an economy, a purchaser can follow through on greater expenses for an item in the event that the person gets higher advantages from the item. In any case, the market cost can be lower than that value, which the customer needs to pay. Consequently, the distinction between these two costs is called shopper excess (Xie Lin, 20 17). In this vehicle producing industry, the customer can follow through on greater expenses on the off chance that they get higher advantages from the new model of vehicle. Fig1: Consumer Surplus Source: (made by creator) In the above figure, the distinction somewhere in the range of P1 and P0 is the excess of the shopper. Here, a shopper can buy a vehicle by following through on P1 cost, in the event that the person will get higher advantages from that vehicle. Notwithstanding, the market cost is P0, which will be paid by the shopper. Henceforth, under this circumstance, a buyer can likewise get advantage through excess. Cost is another significant factor, which enormously impact any creation procedure. Under a car industry, producers are very worry about their cost design. There are different in fabricated strides to deliver a vehicle. Creation cost alludes those cost, which an assembling industry bears at the hour of creation of a decent or administration (Farahani, Rezapour, Drezner Fallah 2014). This expense incorporates wages of works, costs of crude materials, land lease, enthusiasm of capital, notice expenses and general overhead. Besides, any charges forced by the legislature are additionally considered as creation cost. Thus, creation costs incorporate all consumptions identified with creation or formation of merchandise and enterprises. Makers experience item costs, which are identified with both the materials that require for making a thing and work to make it. In a car industry, the immediate creation costs are materials that is, plastic, tire, metal materials, etc. Henceforth, it very we ll may be seen that, there is a colossal cost weight of a vehicle producer to deliver a vehicle. Consequently, they likewise charge a colossal cost for every unit of vehicle. This prompts increment the cost of that tough product. Buyers would prefer not to purchase old models or new vehicles with same highlights with significant expenses. In any case, customers can buy vehicles with significant expenses if the produces make new models of vehicles with new highlights. New models with appeal can diminish the weight of cost of a maker. In such manner, a significant point is should have been referenced. The fact of the matter is that, when the expense of vehicle fabricating expands, the selling cost may likewise increment simultaneously. Australia is one of only a handful not many nations that can structure and produces vehicles with critical volumes (Andersson, Sderman Sandn, 2017). The Automotive business of Australia can be isolated into two sections, which are interrelated with one another (Malihi Shee, 2017). These are the creation part and deals area of vehicles and them two are similarly significant for this vehicle fabricating industry of Australia. Assembling division suggests the economic situations under which the assembling business of Australia works. It produces vehicles and different items that are identified with those vehicles and the main intention of this industry is to make benefit. On the opposite side, deals area infers a market circumstance under which different vehicle fabricating ventures rival each other to deal their vehicles. Be that as it may, it is critical to separate between these two economic situations as these two markets work inside two distinctive market structures, rivalries and business procedures (Pisano, 2017). The main market structure, which can depict the assembling area of the car business in Australia, is oligopoly (Hashmi Biesebroeck 2016). There are mostly two organizations who produce vehicles in Australia. These are Ford and Holden. Henceforth, the technique for rivalry and systems identified with cost depend on the oligopoly models. In an oligopolistic advertise, level of seriousness and gainfulness are profoundly corresponded with one another. Then again, the selling segment of car industry depends available structure of monopolistic rivalry (Harrison, Rutherford Tarr 2014). All vehicle fabricating enterprises depend on item separation by making various models of vehicles. Subsequently, they attempt to deal their vehicles by utilizing various advances. Toyota Motor Corporation is a global car fabricating organization of Japan. It is one of the main vehicle fabricating organizations everywhere throughout the world. The organization has propelled different models of vehicles since the start of their business. The absolute top of the line models of Toyota since 2016 are Toyota Camera, Toyota Corolla, Toyota RAV4, Toyota Tacoma and Toyota Highlander. Fig2: Toyota Models Selling Amount in 2016 Source: (TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION GLOBAL WEBSITE, 2017) In 2016, Toyota has overwhelmed the vehicle market of Australia. Three models of this organization were incorporated among the best five top rated vehicle organizations in this nation. Fig3: Sales Volume of Small vehicles in Australia in July 2016 Source: (Malihi Shee, 2017) The car business of any nation is immense and dynamic by its inclination. Creating nations mainly rely upon their local car businesses for the chance of financial development as it has significant linkages with different ventures. The business has experienced a few phases. These are make creation, large scale manufacturing and lean creation. Under those stages, some little endeavors just as huge enterprises set up some standard items and business methodologies. Passage and Toyota began another line of creation and plan of vehicles. Under vehicle creation, motorization has been changed since past century that was driven by the quickest speed with lower costs. The large scale manufacturing arrangement of Ford lied on standard structures with

5 Ways to Tell if Youre Depressed

5 Ways to Tell if Youre Depressed 5 Indicators That you Might be Suffering From Temporary, or Clinical Depression 5 Indicators That you Might be Suffering From Temporary, or Clinical Depression The pressures and responsibilities of post-secondary education can be unlike anything many first time students have ever experienced. Even seasoned graduate students who have been enrolled in postsecondary education for the better part of a decade can find themselves succumbing to the considerable stress of higher education. These include difficult scheduling conflicts, growing financial pressures, interpersonal problems, and constant news bombarding millennials about how bleak their post-graduation prospects are. In fact, 20% of Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. If you just haven’t been feeling like yourself and cant quite put your finger on whats wrong, below are 5 signs that you may in fact be suffering from depression. Feelings of Helplessness and Hopelessness Do you find yourself waking up every day unhappy, or even worse, struggling to find a reason to get out of bed for an early morning class, asking yourself why even bother making the effort? Do you feel like youre stuck in an emotional rut that you are unlikely to ever escape? While feelings of despair are by no means unnatural, constantly believing them is toxic. Apathy or Loss of Interest If you were someone who once found pleasure in hobbies, pastimes, sex, learning, going out, exploring the world, learning new things and now cant be bothered, that inability or desire to feel pleasure is a good sign of depression. One of the first, and major signs of depression is a lack of care about anything but the weight of your feelings. Changes to your Appetite or Weight Significant weight loss, or weight gain (5% or more of your body weight in a given month) is another tell-tale sign that you are suffering from depression. When people become depressed, they often deal with the feelings and/or powerlessness by eating a lot more or less. Sleep Changes If you are someone who had a fairly healthy, or at the very least, reliable sleep schedule, and you now find yourself either sleeping the day away as a way to avoid the pain, or being unable to sleep altogether, this is another common sign of depression. Anger or Irritability If part of your change in attitude has consisted of increased feelings of restlessness, agitation, or even feeling like you could explode into violence at any moment, you could be depressed. Similarly if your tolerance is gone and your temper is short with people you know and love, these signs of frustration with life, or your feelings, could also be a sign that you are depressed. However hopeless you feel your situation may have gotten, there are always avenues for help. Whether it be an anonymous chat room or phone line, or an off or on campus counsellor or psychologist, seeking help is the best thing you could possibly do for yourself. Sometimes simply finding out that you have a problem is the first crucial step to doing something about it. Life is not easy, especially as a young adult in the 21st century. Depression may be on the rise, but it is by no means something that you should just accept. If part of your depression stems from the stress of trying to balance your life, take a look at our services and see how we can help alleviate some of it. References: (2016). “Fast Facts About Mental Illness.” Canadian Mental Health Association. Retrieved from: #.WKHmnlMrLIV Smith, M., Segal, R., Segal, J. (2016). “Depression Symptoms and Warning Signs.” Help Guide. Retrieved from: depression-signs-and-symptoms.htm 5 Ways to Tell if Youre Depressed 5 Indicators That you Might be Suffering From Temporary, or Clinical Depression 5 Indicators That you Might be Suffering From Temporary, or Clinical Depression The pressures and responsibilities of post-secondary education can be unlike anything many first time students have ever experienced. Even seasoned graduate students who have been enrolled in postsecondary education for the better part of a decade can find themselves succumbing to the considerable stress of higher education. These include difficult scheduling conflicts, growing financial pressures, interpersonal problems, and constant news bombarding millennials about how bleak their post-graduation prospects are. In fact, 20% of Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. If you just haven’t been feeling like yourself and cant quite put your finger on whats wrong, below are 5 signs that you may in fact be suffering from depression. Feelings of Helplessness and Hopelessness Do you find yourself waking up every day unhappy, or even worse, struggling to find a reason to get out of bed for an early morning class, asking yourself why even bother making the effort? Do you feel like youre stuck in an emotional rut that you are unlikely to ever escape? While feelings of despair are by no means unnatural, constantly believing them is toxic. Apathy or Loss of Interest If you were someone who once found pleasure in hobbies, pastimes, sex, learning, going out, exploring the world, learning new things and now cant be bothered, that inability or desire to feel pleasure is a good sign of depression. One of the first, and major signs of depression is a lack of care about anything but the weight of your feelings. Changes to your Appetite or Weight Significant weight loss, or weight gain (5% or more of your body weight in a given month) is another tell-tale sign that you are suffering from depression. When people become depressed, they often deal with the feelings and/or powerlessness by eating a lot more or less. Sleep Changes If you are someone who had a fairly healthy, or at the very least, reliable sleep schedule, and you now find yourself either sleeping the day away as a way to avoid the pain, or being unable to sleep altogether, this is another common sign of depression. Anger or Irritability If part of your change in attitude has consisted of increased feelings of restlessness, agitation, or even feeling like you could explode into violence at any moment, you could be depressed. Similarly if your tolerance is gone and your temper is short with people you know and love, these signs of frustration with life, or your feelings, could also be a sign that you are depressed. However hopeless you feel your situation may have gotten, there are always avenues for help. Whether it be an anonymous chat room or phone line, or an off or on campus counsellor or psychologist, seeking help is the best thing you could possibly do for yourself. Sometimes simply finding out that you have a problem is the first crucial step to doing something about it. Life is not easy, especially as a young adult in the 21st century. Depression may be on the rise, but it is by no means something that you should just accept. If part of your depression stems from the stress of trying to balance your life, take a look at our services and see how we can help alleviate some of it. References: (2016). “Fast Facts About Mental Illness.” Canadian Mental Health Association. Retrieved from: #.WKHmnlMrLIV Smith, M., Segal, R., Segal, J. (2016). “Depression Symptoms and Warning Signs.” Help Guide. Retrieved from: depression-signs-and-symptoms.htm

Religious Conflict Between Two Christian Sects,...

Religion in Elizabethan England was complex, and the leaders of the time were the reason behind this complication. This religious conflict between two Christian sects, Catholicism and the new Reformation religions (such as the Church of England and Protestantism) began with Henry VIII. In order to obtain a divorce from one of his wives, he created the Church of England, which he was the head of. Starting with him, the monarch controlled religion, which had previously been controlled by the pope. According to Aurelia Clunie, â€Å"Unlike America, England at the time had no separation between church and state. Traditionally, the country was ruled politically by the king and spiritually by the Roman Catholic Church. However, Shakespeare s was the first generation in which the monarch, rather than the Pope, served as the country s spiritual head† (Clunie). Because of this shift in power, religion became a battleground. Religion in Elizabethan England became conflicted between Cath olicism and Reformation religions, such as Protestantism. Clunie states, â€Å"With Queen Elizabeth on the throne, the pendulum swung back toward Protestantism. In efforts to quell sectarian violence, Elizabeth was lenient toward practicing Catholics, however specific laws, such as fining those who did not attend church, kept the Church of England firmly in place† (Clunie). While there were measures to appease Catholics, which was kinder than her sister’s slaughter of Protestants, there was inequality inShow MoreRelatedThe World Is A Diverse Place1420 Words   |  6 Pageswhich was certainly true during the Reformation. There were huge differences between the Jews and Christians, men and women, and rich and poor, some of which ended up causing great conflict between the different sects of society. The large disparities between major groups of people, including rich and poor, men and women, and Jews and Christians naturally lent itself to the frequent condition of war during the Reformation. The Reformation, a time of religious political cultural and intellectualRead MoreDividing Points in Czechoslovakia1728 Words   |  7 PagesCommunism in East-Central countries has tried to weaken religiosity. Religious repression and harassment under the Communist authorities have been greatly affecting people beliefs. The Roman Catholic Church was another dividing point of Czechoslovakia, between two republics. Slovakians advocated closer connection to religion than Czechs did. However, the story goes back in the history of 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, when there have been major revolutionary wars fighting for religion that formedRead MoreMartin Luther And The Catholic Church1738 Words   |  7 Pagesexcommunication at the time, he continued his devotion to his faith and founded the Lutheran religion. Through his actions he not only changed the way that millions of Christians practiced their faith both now and in the past through the Protestant Reformation, he also changed the social-political boundaries in Europe due to increased religious tensions. In order to get a better understanding of the motives behind Luther’s actions we first need to know more about him. Martin Luther was born on NovemberRead MoreThe Role of the Roman Catholic Church During the Enlightenment1570 Words   |  7 PagesProving to be the paramount of the conflict between faith and reason, the European Enlightenment of the eighteenth century challenged each of the traditional values of that age. Europeans were changing, but Europe’s institutions were not keeping pace with that change.1 Throughout that time period, the most influential and conservative institution of Europe, the Roman Catholic Church, was forced into direct confrontation with these changing ideals. The Church continued to insist that it was the onlyRead More The Protestant Reformation Essay1839 Words   |  8 PagesThe Protestant Reformation Introduction The Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century is one of the most complex movements in European history since the fall of the Roman Empire. The Reformation truly ends the Middle Ages and begins a new era in the history of Western Civilization. The Reformation ended the religious unity of Europe and ushered in 150 years of religious warfare. By the time the conflicts had ended, the political and social geography in the west had fundamentally changedRead MoreThe Aspect of Religion and Conflict2446 Words   |  10 Pagesis also at the core of many of the conflicts around the globe. Religion is also important as a central part of many individuals identity and any threat to ones beliefs is a threat to ones very being. This aspect of religion and conflict is discussed in this essay along with reasons through which conflict rose in the first place. Hinduism and Judaism have both faced interreligious conflicts over the years. We can derive examples of this from the clash between the four castes of the Hindu traditionRead MoreWas England Torn Apart by Religious Revolution in the Years 1547-1559?1940 Words   |  8 Pagesthem taking a religious nature. As the once unquestionable authority of the church became challenged by both critics and affiliates alike, England witnessed an almost inevitable reformation. However, the impact on the majority was not necessarily beneficial- as Duffy wrote, the Reformation bought with it an ‘assault on traditional religion’, leaving many men that ‘breathed easier for the accession of a Catholic queen’. It is possible to perceive that England was torn apart by religious revolution asRead MoreWorld Religion5936 Words   |  24 Pagesreligion and give some examples of how sacred is understood? 5. Offer some examples of religious symbols and discuss their meaning. Group B 1. Discuss the goal of studying religion in the historical and comparative sense 2. Identify and describe the First Pattern of religion which deals with sacramental, prophetic, and mystical orientation. Explain how all three orientations might be found in the same religious tradition. 3. As described in the Second Pattern of religion discuss briefly the waysRead More Modern Witches Essay5121 Words   |  21 PagesHalloween, and books like Hansel and Gretel introduce her to each new generation of children. I became interested in where all these stereotypes about witches come from and how they differ from the reality about witches and Wicca. It seems that most of the stereotypes can be traced to the Middle Ages and the time of the witch craze and the inquisition. 1. The stereotype of witches and where it comes from a. Pre-Christian Witches Although most of the stereotypes of witches can be tracedRead MoreEssay on Thirty Years War4871 Words   |  20 PagesI of England and drew that nation into his fathers war with France. Following Marys death (1558), he married Elizabeth of Valois and concluded the war with France in 1559. Philip used the Inquisition to repress the Moriscos and assure Spanish religious unity. He dealt with the Dutch revolt in his Low Countries domain by reconquering the southern half of the country. English support of the rebels and their persistent attacks on Spanish ships led him to plan an invasion of England by the Spanish

Multiple Intelligence Theory and Learning Styles - 946 Words

Multiple intelligence theory and learning styles According to my multiple intelligence learning profile, I am an equally strong kinesthetic, intrapersonal, and existential learner. This suggests I learn by doing, learn best working with others, and have a big picture orientation. I seek what works in practice rather than theory. In my view, the fact that I received the same score in all three areas is indicative of the similarity between these different types of intelligences. For example, existential learners like to synthesize ideas based on their learning; develop a strong identity with their neighborhood and town; and express a sense of belonging to a global community (Intelligence profile: Existential, 2012). Tying into my sense of knowing thyself in relationship to others, I also have a strong intrapersonal intelligence. This means I am capable of communicating my feelings to others, sensing my strengths and weaknesses, and show confidence in my abilities (Intelligence profile: Intrapersonal, 2012). Kinesthetic learners likew ise seek to interact with their environment; enjoy hands-on activities and can remain focused on a hands-on task for an extended period of time (Intelligence profile: Kinesthetic. (2012). I was not disappointed to read about my learning profiles, given that all three intelligences seem to cohere well with the skills required to succeed in the workplace. Most of the skills demanded today are learned on the job and employers areShow MoreRelatedLearning Styles: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences782 Words   |  4 Pagesare many intelligences described to us through our lives, all over the world. Does in-telligence decide what we do with our lives, or is one intelligence more important than any other? 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Just as each individual is different in their own wayRead MoreMultiple Intelligences and Learning Styles996 Words   |  4 Pages Multiple Intelligences and Learning Styles Multiple Intelligences and Learning Styles In today’s society not everyone has heard of the theory of multiple intelligences however most people have heard of learning styles. Even in the education field, educators may not be able to correctly define both. Are multiple intelligences and learning styles two different names of the same thing? This paper will discuss their differences and similarities. According to Dunn, Denig, and LovelaceRead MoreMultiple Intelligences Are a Guide to Understanding How People Learn868 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Intelligences Multiple intelligences are a guide to understanding how people learn. Everybody has a mind of his or own, so of course people learn differently. However, one learns his or her styles at a young age. For instance, â€Å"the theory of multiple intelligences says that individuals are born with the innate capacity to succeed in a particular domain, and education should help to identify and develop students innate capacities† (The Difference Between Multiple Intelligences and LearningRead MoreLearning With Style Essay912 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Frames of Mind† this book introduced the theory of multiple intelligences (Armstrong). The theory of multiple intelligences challenged the conventional idea that intelligence could be measured and scored by a simple test giving us an â€Å"IQ† number. (Armstrong) The theory of multiple intelligences propounds that intelligence can be found in many forms and that different learning methods are required for different intell igences. Gardner identified 8 â€Å"intelligences†: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatialRead MoreMy Learning Style: An Overview of Using Multiple Intelligences1352 Words   |  5 PagesLEARNING STYLE 4 My learning style: An overview of using multiple intelligences and a discussion of my own learning style The idea that everyone learns differently has become a kind of truism amongst the educational community. This concept seems to intuitively jive with what most teachers and students experience on an intuitive level when interacting in the classroom. Some students are kinesthetic learners. They fidget in their seats and have trouble listening to a lecture, but they come toRead MoreMultiple Intelligence And Learning Styles981 Words   |  4 PagesMultiple Intelligence and Learning Styles In a classroom, all students are unique in various different ways. They may be different through gender, race, socio-economic status, and so forth. They may also be different in how they learn information and how they think about information. Multiple Intelligence Theory was first introduced by Howard Gardner. Gardner believed that there are eight types of intelligence that people possess. Some people may be stronger in certain types of intelligence and weakerRead More Choosing the Right Application of Multiple Intelligence Theory1700 Words   |  7 Pagesthese extreme methods have too specific of an approach. A combination of learning styles, or multiple intelligences, is required to teach successfully. The introduction of the multiple intelligence theory has positively benefitted teaching by encouraging educators to stimulate each student’s learning strength everyday; regardless of the traditional teaching methods more commonly used. The multiple intelligence theory was created by Howard Gardner, and has been summarized nicely by McCain andRead MoreLearning Styles And Multiple Intelligences Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesThe effect of applying multiple intelligences and learning styles are theories that have been discussed heatedly in educational circles. Firstly, I’m going to introduce two of the learning styles. Kolb’s learning style model has settled on four styles: Accommodators: risk-takers who like to involve and try new things; Convergers: problem-solvers who enjoy organizing and hands-on application; Assimilators: passionate readers who learn well with reading and concepts patiently; Divergers: reflectiveRead MoreMultiple Intelligence Theory Of Learning1409 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract The multiple intelligence theory of learning states that there are several different areas of intelligence; kinesthetic, intrapersonal, and interpersonal are just three of the seven. Throughout time this theory has been in debate for challenging the classic school systems own theory on how all students learn one way and one way only. â€Æ' Introduction There is not one single person in the world who is exactly alike; you may think so but no. Each person out of the seven billion people in the

Cause And Effects Free Essays

A cause and effect essay aims at explaining the reasons and results of an event or situation. It is one the most popular essay types in the academic world. It is beneficial for a student to write a cause and effect essay because it propels him to think of the situation in depth to come up with the reasons for the birth of that situation and its eventual impact on everything it affects. We will write a custom essay sample on Cause And Effects or any similar topic only for you Order Now It encourages the mind to think analytically and investigate a situation in its true light. Writing a cause and effect essay needs key understanding of the topic and keen attention to detail. It may seem like it is an easy thing to do but you cannot go far beyond the introduction if you do not put analytical skills into writing it. Such types of essay basically targets two main points, why the event or situation took place and how did it made its impact. You have to remember to concentrate your cause and effect essay to revolve around these two points and do not let it deviate from its main focus. Cause and effect are two approaches that are closely related so it is sometimes a bit tricky to differentiate between the two. Therefore, it is imperative that you understand the topic properly before approaching it. You should choose an excellent cause and effect topic; the one that you think you can pull off easily as you understand it in more depth than other topics. This topic should help you relate one event to another, ultimately revealing its causes and effects. You should aim at writing it in such a way that it keeps the reader hooked on to it, keeping them on the edge of their seats. Here in this article, we have jotted down some outstanding examples of the cause and effect topics. You can choose the one that suits you the most and goes along well with your writing style. But, do not forget that it should clearly be defined in the context of its cause and effect. How to cite Cause And Effects, Papers

Project Management For Engineering Risk

Question: Discuss about the Project Management For Engineering Risk. Answer: Introduction: The risk management helps in identifying and analyzing risks. It is used to take steps for reducing risks to an acceptable phase. The approach helps to determine tools, techniques, processes, responsibilities and roles for a particular project. The plan of risk management describes way in which risk management is structured and performed on the project. The instance of China blasts that took place in Tianjin port city is considered an epitome. The primary objective of this report is to recognize and assess the risks. A plan is to be created to measure and monitor performance. The process used for analyzing the strategic issues is needed to be described. The primary challenges are needed to be criticized having a significant effect on the risks related to various engineering activities. The risk management tools and its identifications are effectively employed. Lastly, risk perception, risk communication and various factors behind risk assessments are demonstrated in the study. Key issues affecting risks related to engineering activities: Safeguarding business from fraudulent activities is a core component of the entire strategy of risk management credits. An effective risk management is a challenge for various companies that never have different systems of risk management in place (Haimes, 2015). Some of them relevant to the China blast are described hereafter. The risk management after initialization is a repetitive task dealing with assessment, planning, implementing, controlling and monitoring performed measurements and enforced security policies. Safety management system: It is the safety management to manage business activities and then applying frameworks, principles and processes for preventing accidents, injuries and minimize the residual risks. The system of safety management is a systematic method for managing safety (Wu, Chen Olson, 2014). This includes the organizational structures, policies, procedures and accountabilities. It is scalable, and hence it could be tailored to the complexity and size of organizations. Environmental management system: It is the system that helps to gain environmental goals via consistent evaluation, review and development of the environmental performances. This constant review and revision recognize scopes to improve and implement the environmental performance of the companies. This never dictates the level of environmental performance that is needed to be achieved. The environmental management system is tailored to individual targets and objectives (Almeida et al., 2015). The environmental management systems have been addressing regulatory demands in a proper and cost-effective way. It is proactive approach and helping to decrease risks of the non-compliance. This also enhances the safety and health practices of the public and staffs. It also helps in addressing non-regulated problems (Glendon, Clarke McKenna, 2016). Examples of this are the energy conservation. This has been promoting the core operational controls and the stewardships of the employees. Monitoring the portfolio: The risks are to be identified sooner through monitoring changes in the portfolio. This is done with the proactive notifications and alerts. The services must combine various credit attributes, risk scores and the additional segmentation tools. This provides a robust tool to manage risks. Identifying the risks and scopes within the portfolio: The overall profitability could be increased by accurately pinpointing risks related to the individual accounts (Park et al., 2013). Access must be provided to the involved account-level and internal customer data. This allows eradicating the credit risk and creating the retention programs or recognizing the cross-sell scopes. Automating the credit decisions: The multiple data sources must be tapped. The advanced analytics must be accessed to create a consistent and quick credit decisions around the complete organization. Various decisions products help in mitigating the risks actively with streamlining the credit decision processes. Identification and risk management tools: Employing risk identification: To effectively employ determination and tools of risk management for suggesting and analyzing the realistic scenarios of risk is described in this section. The developing of risk management strategies are also demonstrated here. The kinds of risks have been varying from business to business. However, preparation of the risk management plan has involved a general process. The risk management plan details the strategy to deal with the risks particular to the business (Lam, 2014). Time allocation is important. The resources and budget to prepare the risk management plan and business impact assessment are also vital. It helps in meeting the legal obligations to provide safe workplace and could decrease the likelihood of the incident adversely affecting business. Risk management tools: These are discussed below: Inventorying In the project of risk management, one of the difficult parts is to keep track of the services, devices, applications and additional resources that are already fielded. Without knowing what has been inside systematic evaluation of the effect of a provided vulnerability is impossible (Bromiley et al., 2015). Further, without knowing what devices have been supporting tools for assisting the current asset inventory one cannot analyze the disruption or the extent of the compromise to those events. Hence one never has tool for assisting to keep resource inventory. One should consider some open-source and free options in that area. Risk tracking There have been many tools that are free. These could be used for tracking risks and the mitigations. This also helps in visualizing dangers by severity, generate reports and finish the other items of logistics legworks. The threat analysis The universes of threats are to be analyzed existing and analyzing the risks of the organization. This might rise because it could be challenging (Pritchard PMP, 2014). Possessing the tool helping in automation and streamlining process is useful. Vulnerability information In many cases, there has been no substitute for the scanning of vulnerability to find out what technical weaknesses has existed the present scenario. Monitoring In dealing with reality, the current monitoring of environment is a crucial part of the holistic process of risk management. This is because unexpected downtimes or changes are potentially symptomatic of the risks coming to pass. This has also been impacting the risk environment. Risk management strategies: The strategies for dealing with the threats are discussed hereafter. Avoidance This eradicates the risk through eliminating the reasons. This has been leading to not doing the tasks or doing the jobs differently. Project managers should also isolate or change the objective that has been in trouble. This could be done through improving communication taking place between the stakeholders or through the use of expertise (Munier, 2016). An instance of this approach is extension of schedule of changing of scope of the project activities. The risks that are too hazardous are also another example. This might lead to loss of life and could be done way through closing the project entirely. Transfer In the approach of risk transfer, the risk could be shifted to the third party. This includes third parties such as the insurance vendors or companies. They are paid for accepting or handling risk on behalf of the company. Thus ownership and effect of uncertainty get developed by the third parties. The payment is known as the risk premium. The contracts are being signed for transferring the responsibilities of risks to third parties (Wolke, 2017). The transfer of risks never eliminates the risk. However, it eradicates direct effect of the risk on the project. Some transference tools are the performance bonds, insurance policies, warranties and so on. The approach is ingenious to cover the economic risk exposure. Analyzing applicability, usefulness and limitations of risk analysis as decision-making tool: The risk for the China blasts has consisted of two parts. The first one is probability of anything that goes wrong. The second one is reverse outcomes. The risk could be hard to find. Besides, risk analysis is an effective business tool for tasks involving various risks. This helps in identifying and making sense of risks faced while taking decisions (Bowers Khorakian, 2014). Thus it helps in managing risks and decreasing the effects of the plans. Usefulness of risk analysis as a decision-making tool: The usefulness of risk analysis takes place in various cases. The first case is when projects are planned for helping to neutralize and anticipate the potential issues. It is useful when it is decided whether or not to go forward with the given project. Further risk analysis is important in the situations of developing safety and manages the effective risks at work (Hopkin, 2017). Next, risk assessment is helpful to prepare for events line technology or equipment failure, staff illness, natural disasters and theft. Lastly, risk analysis helps to plan for changes in environment like when new competitors emerge in the market or there happen any alterations on the government policy. The different approaches that could be carried out for detailed analysis for the China blasts are discussed hereafter. First of all, the above list should be fetched as the one to see that whether any threats have been relevant. Structures, processes and systems must be thought about that are used and assess the risks for any of those parts (Islam, Mouratidis Weippl, 2014). Vulnerabilities are needed to be spotted under them. Other people could be asked who might have different view-points. As a decision maker of a team, the people could be asked for the input. The other employees must be consulted including those who have been running same kind of projects. Applicability of risk analysis as a decision-making tool: There has been no definitive answer to the questions about the standard metric for knowing the proper status of application security. The unanswered questions displayed gateway for the attackers in continuing exploiting applications (Sadgrove, 2016). Thus, a security metric quantifying the risk that is posed by the applications has been significant to undertake decision in the thwart attacks and security management. At present various generic risks assessment metrics could apply to assess the ASR or Application Security Risk for the China blasts. It has not been encompassing the primary elements of the application security like the efficiency of countermeasure, compliance and application priority. Thus the outcomes have been performing commensuration with real risks that are posed by the application security (Modarres, Kaminskiy Krivtsov, 2016). The actual application security has been perceived and never measured. Thus, companies have been unable to impose the needed controls of security. Moreover, business is unaware of susceptibility of applications to attack. It has been the primary reason for the consistent attacks on the applications besides deploying the strong security measures. The measurement of application of security risks has needed a specially designed metric involving every factor of the application security. Limitations of risk analysis as a decision-making tool: The controlling of risks has been involving the usage of the current resources for handling the situations along with deploying the contingency plans is investment in alternative resources for accomplishing the objectives of the projects (Bahr, 2014). The review of plan of risk management with the team assures that every member knows the ramifications of possible limitations and solutions. The effective analysis of risk analysis has been depending on the identifying of limitations of the techniques used. They are discussed below. Limitations Discussion Lack of data Various risk assessment tools have been involving the collection of data. For instance, the creation of simulations or models has been helping to predict the effects of events like natural disasters that generates from the harsh weather conditions. However, unfortunately, the generation of the proper models needs a high collection of data (Nicholas Steyn, 2017). This has been costly and never reliable completely. Further, legal and ethical or social needs might override the economic advantages. The usage of data for making decisions is not wise as the usage of simple indicators never display the complicated realities of the cases at hand. The application of choice meant for the little aspect of the project to the complete project has been resulting in unforeseen results. Insufficient assessment time and expertise The usage of decision trees of assessing the risks has been supplying the comprehensive input. However, consequences of assessment rise from the myriad of the possibilities providing unwieldy (Mazaheri, Montewka Kujala, 2014). The latest technologies help in using the software programs in simulating activities causing adverse effects on project schedules. These projects turn out to be more cost-efficient. Besides this, comprehensive knowledge and skill are needed in interpreting the outcomes properly. The complicated programs along with various variables need the trained personnel. They have been not assigned to the projects. In the same way the assessment of historical data for determining possible threats needs the access to prior project documentation and the proficiency to interpret criteria utilized to evaluate risks on the previous efforts (Carvalho Rabechini Junior, 2015). The dependency on historical data has been alone creating the fake sense of the security as any up-to-d ate knowledge and skills are not applicable by the trained personnel. However, although largely expert individuals work to define threats and suggest resolutions, the time is insufficient to collect the expertise of every people. Thus the conflicts get raised. The qualitative analysis through utilizing the conversational input has been helpful to recognize risks. However, numerical data generates through quantitative methods is also used for balancing the decision making. Analyzing risk communication and perception and development of risk communication skills and plans: Risk perception: The individuals reacting to the risks have been consistent to idea of risk. This has been their viewpoint influencing action or behavior. The making sense of the individual risk perception of natural hazards has been needed to affect the inaccurate beliefs regarding the agents of hazards and the impacts. This also includes unawareness of the adjustments available and could have wrong beliefs regarding the affectivity of the adjustments that they have known. The research indicates that adaptive actions get motivated through awareness of risks, ideas of how that could affect any community. This also includes feelings of personal vulnerability to effective outcomes. Risk communication: From the view-point of the decision maker, the reason behind risk communication is to help the dwellers of the affected communities to make sense of the risk management and assessment processes. This is from various scientifically valid view-points of the likely risks. This also includes the participating to make decisions regarding how the risks are controlled. The communication tools of the risks could be the verbal, written or visual statements consisting of the information regarding risks. There must be specific risk in this context. These must be possibly incorporating the comparisons with the additional risks. This also includes advice regarding behavior of risk reduction and encouraging dialogue between the receiver and sender of the message. Risk communication plans and skills: During the time of non-crisis, the ineffective risk communication results in low-impact, wasted resources and the other undesirable results. However, during the crisis messages get lost in the noise. Thus unintended results, rejection of messages and public confusion or fear takes place. While deployed effectively, the risk communication is invaluable technique for the engendering trust. Thus it helps in safeguarding the organizational value and helps public to undertake informed decisions. As per as the profitable organizations are concerned, the risk communication skills and plans get benefitted through assuring that the potential customers, customers and public members have the information they require to evaluate health effects of the operations and products effectively. Keeping public aware of the potential risks, corporations reduce danger to the consumers and protect themselves from the reputational harms. This stems from human or the environmental damage. As public turns out to be more educated, they can take more informed decisions regarding the health and well be. The various skills and plans needed risk communication are highlighted below. The finding of the societal and psychological determinants of risk communications via a scientific and systematic overview of the literature of risk communication. The strategic communication of the risk information including the designing of messaging, audience segmentation and performing the risk communications. Determination of the formats of message construction of risks, including the narratives, fear and exemplars. The recognition of statistical principles for understanding the way in which the risk information gets developed. The behavioral economies and the role in communicating the risks. Evaluating the effect of risk communication introducing the significant methods like the focus groups, nominal group surveys, techniques and experiments. Conclusion: The risk is identified in the above report as probability of various harmful consequences of the blasts that took place in Tianjin port city, China. This included the causalities, lost livelihoods, damage to the environment, disrupted economic activity and damaged property. The above comprehensive risk analysis has evaluated the likelihood and magnitude of possible losses. The study has also provided complete understanding of the reasons and effect of the injuries. Apart from estimating potential losses and the result, the risk analysis has allowed the determining of acceptable risk levels. This also included the finding of the level of damages suitable without demolishing lives, plans of disaster reduction, revised strategies and so on. As the existing and the acceptable risk levels are found out, the ideas for disaster risk reduction and the procedures are developed and revised. Hence they possess measurable goals to reduce the present risks to various acceptable levels. To counter the current disaster risks in a systematic manner, land use plans or set in place the mechanisms of insurance mechanisms are fundamental. Lastly, as programs get implemented the regular evaluation of the risk supplies explicit indication of the development in reduction of risks. Thus they are helpful to assess the affectivity of efforts of disaster risk reduction and making required changes to different strategies and plans. References: Almeida, N. M., Sousa, V., Dias, L. A., Branco, F. (2015). Engineering risk management in performance-based building environments.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,21(2), 218-230. Bahr, N. J. (2014).System safety engineering and risk assessment: a practical approach. CRC Press. Bowers, J., Khorakian, A. (2014). Integrating risk management in the innovation project.European Journal of innovation management,17(1), 25-40. Bromiley, P., McShane, M., Nair, A., Rustambekov, E. (2015). Enterprise risk management: Review, critique, and research directions.Long range planning,48(4), 265-276. Carvalho, M. M. D., Rabechini Junior, R. (2015). Impact of risk management on project performance: the importance of soft skills.International Journal of Production Research,53(2), 321-340. Explosions death toll rises in China as safety fears revealed. (2017).ABC News. Retrieved 1 December 2017, from https://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-08-13/tianjin-explosion-44-killed-safety-officials-met-week-earlier/6696260 Glendon, A. I., Clarke, S., McKenna, E. (2016).Human safety and risk management. Crc Press. Haimes, Y. Y. (2015).Risk modeling, assessment, and management. John Wiley Sons. Hopkin, P. (2017).Fundamentals of risk management: understanding, evaluating and implementing effective risk management. Kogan Page Publishers. Islam, S., Mouratidis, H., Weippl, E. R. (2014). An empirical study on the implementation and evaluation of a goal-driven software development risk management model.Information and Software Technology,56(2), 117-133. Lam, J. (2014).Enterprise risk management: from incentives to controls. John Wiley Sons. Massive blasts hit north China city. (2017).BBC News. Retrieved 1 December 2017, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-33896292 Massive warehouse explosion rocks Tianjin, China. (2017).NewsComAu. Retrieved 1 December 2017, from https://www.news.com.au/world/asia/massive-warehouse-explosion-rocks-tianjin-china/news-story/494790aae9c3500f8146a3d938357d9e Mazaheri, A., Montewka, J., Kujala, P. (2014). Modeling the risk of ship groundinga literature review from a risk management perspective.WMU journal of maritime affairs,13(2), 269-297. Modarres, M., Kaminskiy, M. P., Krivtsov, V. (2016).Reliability engineering and risk analysis: a practical guide. CRC press. Munier, N. (2016).Risk management for engineering projects. Springer International Pu. Nicholas, J. M., Steyn, H. (2017).Project management for engineering, business and technology. Taylor Francis. Park, J., Seager, T. P., Rao, P. S. C., Convertino, M., Linkov, I. (2013). Integrating risk and resilience approaches to catastrophe management in engineering systems.Risk Analysis,33(3), 356-367. Pritchard, C. L., PMP, P. R. (2014).Risk management: concepts and guidance. CRC Press. Sadgrove, K. (2016).The complete guide to business risk management. Routledge. Stockton, N., Ellis, E., Palmer, K., Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Zhang, S., Palmer, K. (2017).What Chinas Huge Tianjin Explosion Looked Like From Space.WIRED. Retrieved 1 December 2017, from https://www.wired.com/2015/08/chinas-huge-tianjin-explosion-looked-like-space/ Wolke, T. (2017).Risk Management. Walter de Gruyter GmbH Co KG. Wu, D. D., Chen, S. H., Olson, D. L. (2014). Business intelligence in risk management: Some recent progresses.Information Sciences,256, 1-7.

Attitudes towards woman at the begging of the twentieth century Essay Example

Attitudes towards woman at the begging of the twentieth century Essay Example Attitudes towards woman at the begging of the twentieth century Essay Attitudes towards woman at the begging of the twentieth century Essay Essay Topic: Literature The Inspector starts his enquires with Mr. Birling, who is a prosperous business manufacturer. He is not from the same social class as his wife, Sybil. He is confident but betrays his lack of social graces, we see this when his wife corrects him, Arthur, youre not supposed to say such things We can also see that Mr. Birling is aware of business advantages from the union of the two families. Mr. Birlings business aspirations come into the open when he tells Gerald about his knighthood, theres a fair chance that I might find my way into the next Honours List. Just a knighthood, of course. These are all good examples of how being higher up the social hierarchy in this era was regarded as being extremely important. Mr. Birling also shows us the attitude towards women at the time. His involvement with Eva Smith goes back two years. He employs hundreds of women so is obviously a successful businessman. He sacked her because she asked for a pay rise; he did it without consideration of personal consequences for Eva Smith and refuses to accept responsibility. As his impatience grows we see his true colours, obviously it has nothing whatever to do with the wretched girls suicide. This is a good example of how women in the lower or working class meant nothing to the upper class. He does not seem to be at all bothered about what has happened to this girl and finds it all a complete nuisance. We also see later on that the only reason this was a nuisance is because if it were to get out in the open it would be a great threat to the chance of Mr. Birling getting a knighthood. This once again shows how important climbing the class hierarchy was to people of this era, even more important than a womans life. The next person the Inspector questions is Sheila. Sheila tried an item of clothing on in the shop where Eva worked but it didnt suit her. I caught sight of this girl smiling at Miss Francis and I was absolutely furious. So she went to the manager and said that Eva had been impertinent. Furthermore that Eva must be sacked immediately otherwise she would persuade her mother to shut her account with them. Obviously her mothers account was worth a lot more to the company than one working class girl. She did this out of jealousy, embarrassment and vanity, which we later go on to see is similar to her mother. Afterwards though she feels upset and guilty. This once again shows that the attitudes towards women especially in the lower class were poor ones. Next the Inspector questioned Gerald, Sheilas fianci. He had an affair with Eva, but she had changed her name so he knew her as Daisy Renton. His affair with her gave him sex and a sense of being a hero. This affair is not criticised by Sheilas parents though as in that time this was a thing that higher-class men would often do. He is embarrassed, defensive and looks for ways out of feeling guilty. Gerald suggests, young women ought to be protected against unpleasant and disturbing things which is quiet ironic considering he cheated on Sheila and used Daisy as a prostitute. From the way he treated these two women we can see that he did not have a lot of respect for either of them. This was often the case in this era, men went around doing as they pleased and the women were just seen as second-class citizens who could be treated however the men pleased. Mrs. Birling is the next one to be questioned by the Inspector. Mrs. Birling met Daisy when she came to Mrs. Birlings womens charity asking for help. She needed help, as she was unemployed, homeless and pregnant. Mrs. Birling refuses to help Daisy, she says that she was personally insulted and lied to. Just like Mr. Birling she is angry and refuses responsibility. We see that people in the higher class had the right to decide whether or not the lower class deserved help and whether or no they were telling the truth. Mrs. Birling puts her foot in it firstly when she says, I blame the young man who was the father of the child she was going to have. If, as she said, he didnt belong to her class, and was some drunken young idler, then thats all the more reason why he shouldnt escape. She then goes on to say, hed be entirely responsible and that he ought to be dealt extremely severely. We then go on to see that the man she is talking about is in fact her own son Eric. The I So from the source we can learn that Polly Nicholls murder consisted of extraordinary violence. Inspector ends his enquires with Eric, who got Daisy pregnant. The fact that once more Daisy was used as prostitute, and also used for a mans pleasure and then dropped when he felt like it. He got her pregnant and although he did try to help her afterwards by giving her money other than that he made no real effort to help her. This once again shows how being a lower class woman in this era was just about as low as you could get in the class hierarchy. Afterwards he does realise though what he did was irresponsible and he does feel guilty for it. Like Sheila he also wishes that the others would take responsibility for their parts leading up to the death of Daisy. In conclusion we can see that An Inspector calls tells us a lot about the class hierarchy and attitudes towards women in the begging of the twentieth century. We see that women were treated very badly by men and sometimes even by other women who were in higher classes to themselves. We also see how the higher up you were in the class system the easier it was for you and the easier it was for you to get your own way in matters.

Impact of Gambling on the Bahamian Economy

Impact of Gambling on the Bahamian Economy Introduction Bahamian Economy The economy of The Bahamas is strongly shaped by aspects of the growth of touristic services and packages, foreign dominance of its main sectors, development of financial services, foreign capital inflows as well as a state revenue collection through indirect taxation (primarily of the import customs), while evading taxation on earnings and corporate gains (Karagiannis and Madjd-Sadjadi, 2011 p.96).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Gambling on the Bahamian Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Analysts perceive the potential of high volume tourism for increasing income levels and boost employment opportunities for locals that has significant influence in foreign exchange earnings. Nevertheless, this nature of tourism services is highly susceptible to international political economy, foreign exchange, prone to global environmental problems, and external shocks (Karagiannis and Madjd-Sadjadi, 2011 p.96). The Bahamian economy is modelled to structurally and technologically dependent due to disparities in the trend of domestic market demand and the type of good supplied (Karagiannis and Madjd-Sadjadi, 2011 p.97). A wide range of economic transactions in The Bahamas are associated with foreign trade. Activities in the agricultural sector are less developed to the extend that a large quota of food products is sourced from outside the country in order to meet the demand. Population growth and tourism boom are the main factors contributing to food deficits. Consequently there has been an exponential growth in the food import bill as well as a decline in the balance of payments (Karagiannis and Madjd-Sadjadi, 2011 p.97). This has caused challenges in diffusing financial benefits from the tourism into other sectors of the economy. Lottery in The Bahamas Gambling premises particularly casinos were inconsistent and have influenced the economy of the Bahamas for ove r 9 decades (Boxill 2009, p.3). Lottery activities particularly in casinos are designed to favour tourism development. Sources from the government of The Bahamas indicate that the first of gambling casinos in the name of the Bahamian Club opened for business from the capital of Nassau towards the close of the 1920s decade (Boxill 2009, p.3). Later, another gambling premises was opened by the name Cat Cay (Boxill 2009, p.4). The two premises had a small capacity for patrons and centred on attracting tourists. They operated fully during the winter seasons. The lottery activities served as complimentary for other entertainment experiences for the tourists. In the 1960s decade, there was a boom in the casino gambling business throughout the archipelago; with the Play Boy Casino set up in 1978, but later closed in 1983 (Boxill 2009, p.4). By April 2009, there was an approximate five gambling casinos doing business in The Bahamas.Advertising Looking for essay on business economic s? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The traditional paper lottery is now challenged by the online version known as the web shop gaming. This form of virtual gambling eases the need for physical presence during the lottery activities. Participants experience a simulated experience close to the physical one. In a bid to regulate casino gambling, The Bahamas put in-place the Lotteries and Gaming Act in 1969 (Boxill 2009, p.4). The Act was later amended for public ownership of casino premises. The amended act allowed the Hotel Corporation of The Bahamas to have the monopoly license for carrying out business of gaming at any establishment (Boxill 2009, p.4). In addition, an operator was issued with a license to manage a gambling casino. Licenses were to be issued after consensus between the minister overseeing gaming and the Gaming Board. As provided in the official government website, the Gaming Board is vested with the mandate t o regulate the lottery activities (Boxill 2009, p.4). The mandate is mainstreamed within a range of stipulated activities. The Board shall update the status according to the extent, character and geographical site for gaming establishments operated by a premises as per the issued license. The Board shall screen the lottery business as per guidelines of the act, so as to rid off any criminal elements in the industry. The Board shall offer Certificates of Approval as well as Permits to prospective employees intending to operate, supervise or manage gaming. The Board maintains close vigilance on the Certificate and Permit holders for any malpractices or contravention. The Board shall cause the initiation of amendments to the Gaming Act as well as provide advise to the Minister in this regard. The Board liaises with the respective associations in gaming to inform on any developments as well as technological advances within the industry as a way of keeping abreast. Finally, maintain ties with the International Gaming Regulators for information exchange. Lottery amenities have to directly pay to the government of The Bahamas four forms of gaming levies, that is application levy for casino personnel, basic taxes, levies for permits and certificates as well as winning taxes (Edwards, 2009, p.33). Based on the Casino Taxation Act rates levied are proportionate to the floor space occupied. In addition, winnings during games are charged taxes but to some limit. The highest amount of basic taxes charged on casinos based on the business type is US$ 200 000 (Edwards, 2009, p.33). Taxes on winnings are calculated as 25 percent of the gross.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of Gambling on the Bahamian Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Table 1: Lottery Taxes to The Government between July 1999 and June 2000 Category of Tax Amount Basic taxes (for three selected casinos @ US$ 200 000) US$ 600 000 Winning Taxes US$ 19 369 273 Levies for approvals (permits and certificates) US$ 35 830 Application fees for Casino personnel US$ 46 600 Overall lottery Earnings accrued US$ 20 051 703 Source: Edwards (2009, p.34) The above table implies that table winning is the major source of government revenue (at US$ 19 369 273). Table 2: Over the Time (From 1993 to 2003) Annual Expenditure Data By the Gaming Board of The Bahamas Year Personal Emoluments ($) Other Charges ($) Total ($) 1993–1994 1,372,225 458,345 1,830,570 1994–1995 1,457,490 532,111 1,989,601 1995–1996 1,456,145 589,872 2,046,017 1996–1997 1,667,543 671,142 2,338,685 1997–1998 1,708,163 622,040 2,330,203 1998–1999 1,919,654 683,238 2,602,892 1999–2000 2,031,951 765,331 2,797,282 2000–2001 2,112,540 721,582 2,834,122 2001–2002 2,353,302 706,388 3,059,690 2002–2003 2,633,182 800,185 3,433,367 Source: Edwards (2009, p.36 ) Figure 1: Annual Expenditure and Taxes Patterns for the Gaming Board Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Source: Edwards (2009, p.36) Based on the Gaming Board expenditure figures and annual revenue for 2002/2003, it is evident that the government remains with a net revenue earning of 85 percent that is utilized within the Bahamian economy for other services. Taxation of Lottery Amenities Globally, The Bahamas provide a model of how the government ceases control and legalises gaming activities leading to positive impacts in tourism resort-based casinos as a social facility which attracts more than 4.5 million international visitors (Edwards, 2009, p.21). Lottery facilities provide jobs, government taxes, foreign exchange earnings as well as investment opportunities. The initial efforts to raise tax revenue from lottery activities in The Bahamas was in 1964 through a legislation- the Casino Taxation Act of December 29, 1964. In addition the Act recognised the potential of the lottery activities to develop the tourism industry. With regard to income generation for the state, some quarter s remained opposed to the legislation (Edwards, 2009, p.24). Tax levy was imposed on all casino facilities. Operators (like the Grand Bahamas, New Providence and Cat Cay) enjoying tax exemption were not left out. Concurrently, the Gaming Machines Tax Act was introduced targeting slot machines used in gaming. It was argued the tax revenue generated was partly re-channeled to develop tourism activities in The Bahamas (Edwards, 2009, p.24). Impacts of Gambling on the Social and Economic Bottom lines Notably, the locals are legally deterred from engaging in casino gambling games, thus the social contribution has relatively been compared to other places that allow participation. Figure 2: Direct Earnings From Lottery Amenities For The Bahamas between 1996 and 2003   Source: Edwards (2009, p.35) Figure 3: Tax Earnings Against Winnings Revenue for Selected Lottery Amenities   Source: Edwards (2009, p.35) General Economic Contribution of Lottery Gambling centres like Casinos have the ability to raise income from fees levied on licenses as well as taxes generated from public gross earnings. The Government of Bahamas indicates that tourism associated activities are lead employer to most locals; thus, contribute largest tax revenue to the state. In the fiscal year of 2002/2003 revenue from winnings indicated that tax collected in 2002 alone amounted to almost US$ 22 million. In total, the American Gaming Association raised gross gambling revenue worth US$92.27 billion in 2007. Deepwater cruise and cruises revenue accounted for 37.3 percent. The Bahamian fiscal budget for 2007/2008 targeted to raise tax revenue from gambling worth US$ 28 million. A case in point is the Atlantis Paradise Island Resort and Hotel which seconds the government lead employer, nationally at 5500 employees. Out of the total staff, more than 1000 employees are stationed at the premises casino. The casino makes annual winning revenue worth over US$134.5 million; while attracting over 5 millio n visitors from abroad. Between the period of July1st 2002 and June 30th 2003, the Princess Casino Limited located at the Grand Bahama made over US$ 29 million from revenue winnings. In the same period, the Crystal Palace Casino sited on the Cable Beach raised close to US$ 34.5 million (Edwards, 2009, p.32). By 2008, gross revenue generated within the last seven years remained within the range of $US190 US$200 million. Two thirds of the national gross domestic product is generated from tourism activities. Thus, casino gambling has diversified the countrys tourism product. Much as the number of table games is less compared to machine slots, the greater portion of the revenue from the lottery industry comes from them. Take for instance, table games at the Atlantis Paradise Island Casino earned revenue worth US$ 0.9 million in 2002/2003 (Edwards, 2009, p.33). Communication (2012, para.22) explains that staff employed within the virtual web shop gambling contribute more than US$ 1 mill ion to the lottery industry. Moreover web shop businesses remit more than US$ 100 000 to the government in the form of license fees. Communication (2012, para.28) observes that governments keenness to regulate can lead to raising of annual tax of up to US$ 20 million from the virtual web shop activities. Figure 4: Revenue Generation (from Tables and Slot Machines Winnings) for Selected Locations in 2002/2003 Fiscal Year Source: Edwards (2009, p.33) Business Investment In Gambling Amenities The Bahamas benefits widely from the investment in the casino gambling business by international corporations as well as renowned players in the resort establishments. Edwards (2009, p.21) notes international investors to include Donald Trump, the Carnival Group of Companies, the Ruffin Group, Princess Properties International, Playboy Limited, Resorts International and Sun (Kerzner) International. Most of these investors have gained interest in The Bahamas since the mid-1960s when the premises w ere small scale but nowadays have expanded to large scale resorts. In 1964, the Monte Carlo Casino located at the Lucayan Beach Hotel was the first among the big international investments to be set up in The Bahamas, followed by the El Casino based at The island of Grand Bahamas in 1966 (Edwards 2009, p.21). The Paradise Enterprises Limited under the auspices of the Mary Carter Paint Company opened the Paradise Island Casino on the Paradise Island in 1967. Nevertheless, the ownership of the Paradise Island Casino changed hands in 1987 to Donald Trump then Merv Griffin in 1989 (Edwards 2009, p.21). Later, it was purchased by the Sun International Hotels in 1994 after which a major face lift and rebranding was one (Edwards 2009, p.21). The growth in the number of gambling amenities gives the indication that the business environment is conducive as well as the return on investment is promising. This is confirmed by the growing number of multinationals attracted to the country. Accordin g to the Communication (2012, para.37) population dynamics and geography of the Bahamas have contributed to the challenges facing the commercialization of national lottery activities. Among geographical challenges is the proximity to the United States of America. The level of advancement in the lottery activities makes them take advantage of the population dynamics and raise more income from the lottery activities (Communication, 2012, para.38). On these grounds, The Bahamas face stiff competition from the lottery activities in the State of Florida. Communication (2012, para.39) observes that it is common for a Bahamian to prefer to spend their lottery bids in the State of Florida than spend locally. Table 3: Large Casino Gambling Amenities put up Between 1964 and 2009 Location Amenity Name (Year, ground size of the amenity) Grand Bahama The Monte Carlo Casino (1964); The Bahamia (1966, 1 000 sq. ft.); The Lucayan Beach Casino (1986) Isle of Capri Casino (2003, 20,000 sq. ft.) Paradise Island Paradise Island Casino (1967, 50,000 sq. ft.); Nassau The Playboy Casino (1978); The Cable Beach Casino (1983) The Crystal Palace Resort Casino (1983, 35,000 sq. ft.) San Salvador Columbus Isle Casino (1995) Exuma Four Seasons Casino (2006, 5,000sq. ft.) Modified from Edwards (2009, p.22) Branding Gambling Amenities Swinging casino destination Since the casino boom in the 1960s, The Bahamas has been promoted under the brand- swinging casino destination. This branding was an attraction for tourists to supplement other entertainment experiences during their stay in an island beach resort (Edwards, 2009, p.23). A baseline study in 1968 sponsored by the Inter-American Development Bank agreed under some premises. Gambling was ranked first as a prime attraction for tourists in the Bahamas, then water sport and nightlife, respectively (Edwards, 2009, p.23). Compared to other warm weather destinations, tourist entertainment packages that included beach activiti es, water entertainment as well as gambling were highly saleable to international tourists (Edwards, 2009, p.23). Top casino entertainment publications have featured amenities in The Bahamas, particularly with regard to travel and recreation. The Paradise Island Casino has been rated excellent by The Travel Guard International publication which deals with provision of travel insurance (Edwards, 2009, p.23). The publication brands the Casino as leading in the Caribbean and offers visitors 800 slot machines as well as 75 game tables, sports and race betting (Edwards, 2009, p.24). The destination boasts of incredible dà ©cor designed by renowned artists like Dale Chihuly. The Paradise Island Casino The Paradise Island gambling amenity is the countrys largest and over the time it has undergone multiple upgrading to give a first class status as well as rank among the prestigious similar to resorts in the Las Vegas. The amenity runs throughout (day and night) and aligns a range of gambli ng entertainment such as let-itride poker, craps, Caribbean stud poker, blackjacks, baccarat, roulette and big six wheels (Edwards, 2009, p.22). Other gambling packages at the facility include parimutuel betting, sports betting as well as paigow poker (Edwards, 2009, p.22). The amenity offers more than three-quarters of the entertainment choices offered across three selected locations, as shown below. Figure 5: Variety of Gambling Entertainment at Selected Locations in The Bahamas Data modified from Edwards (2009, p.23) It is evident that black jacks, roulette and craps are the popular entertainment, respectively. Edwards (2009, p.23) adds that slot machines are over 2,226 in the three locations, while the gaming tables are 190. By the end of the 2003 fiscal year, the variety of tables were 11 in the Grand Bahama, Paradise Island and Cable Beach (Edwards 2009, p.23). This form of data can provide insights into the revenue expectations zeroed-in to the level of per table. Anecdotall y, black jack tables attract more revenue and thus are popular in the selected locations. Other factors that determine the choice of the table to invest in is the return on investment. Table 4: Trend in Percentage (between 2001 and 2007) of Lottery Entertainment Visitor Stopovers vis-a-vis the Overall Year % of Stopover for casino % of Stopover for casino at NASSAU/PI % of Stopover for casino at Grand Bahama 2001 1.1 0.7 2.2 2002 1.7 1 3.8 2003 0.8 1 0.6 2004 0.8 0.9 1.1 2005 0.6 0.7 0.6 2006 0.8 0.8 1 2007 0.8 1.1 0.4 Source: Edwards (2009, p.37) The percentage range (0.8 to 1.1 percent) for visitor stopover for lottery entertainment vis-a-vis overall visitor stop over has experienced dismal growth. Figure 6: Trends in Visitor Stop-over Against National Tax Earnings from Lottery Activities in the Period of 1978 to 2003 Source: Edwards (2009, p.38) The pattern developed between the visitor stop over numbers and tax revenue from lottery shows a positive correlati on. In other words, it is possibly obvious that visitors to The Bahamas are bound to spend proportionately on lottery activities during their stay. Employment Opportunities in the Lottery Industry Across the country, tourism activities provide employment to over 38 percent (that is close to 50 000) (Edwards, 2009, p.29). This statistic indicates that for every US$ 1 million spent by guests, there are 35 jobs sustained. According to the Communication (2012, para. 21), the annual cumulated payroll for employees under the web shop category is more than US$ 15 million. Directly employed opportunities feature more than within the tourism sector such as working in lottery facilities, among others (Edwards, 2009, p.29). There are over 28 indirect employment opportunities in lottery facilities in 1999/2000. Edwards (2009, p.30) lists them as follows (with the percentage of expatriates in brackets). Croupiers (3 percent) Administrative Staff (1 percent) Cage Employees (0 percent) Construc tion Games Supervisors (31 percent) Credit Employees Gaming Tables Surveillance Pit Bosses (27 percent) Transportation Change Machines Hotels Shift Managers (33 percent) Junket Representative Slot Machines Entertainment Playing Cards Dealer’s School Surveillance Equipment Professionals Slot Employees Dice Casino Furniture Accounting Audit Legal Professionals Private Investigations Security (0 percent) Sports-betting Staff Source: Edwards (2009) As shown in the table above, lottery employment opportunities are diverse. In 2002, the number of directly employed staff at lottery stations was 2,747 with expatriates accounting 12 percent. The pie-chart below illustrates this. According to Communication (2012, para.20), in The Bahamas, web shop businesses account for more than 4000 jobs. In 2002, the Atlantis Paradise Island Casino led in the number of direct jobs created at 972 employees (Edwards, 2009, p.30). Figure 7: Job Opportunity Allocations Data modified fro m (Edwards 2009, p.30) This shows that for every job opportunity going to an expatriate, an approximate nine are created for the locals. Presence of expatriates provides the Bahamas lottery experience an international feeling. These expatriates indicate that remuneration rates for staff are appealing. Figure 8: Job Opportunities for The Bahamians in Selected Locations in July 2001–June 2002 Data modified from Edwards (2009, p.30) Drawbacks Faced by The Bahamas Lottery Sector: Religious Resistance Even during the cradle of the Bahamian lottery business religious groupings such as the Bahamas Christian Council opposed the casino development (Edwards 2009, p.39). In opposition to the lottery development issues raised include discouraging decent tourism in The Bahamas; facilitation of social and moral decadence among the residents as well as encourage underworld immigrations and lead to complexities in security enforcement. While, this religious uprise was high at the advent of the lottery legalization, developments in the recent times show restraint among the stakeholders in the industry leading to tolerance among the religious groupings (Edwards 2009, p.39). Arguably, prohibition of Bahamians in participating as gamblers may have ameliorated any adverse impacts resulting from the activities of gaming thus general consensus to include lottery activities among tourism products. However, the current calm on the lottery debate may change considering the growing trend into web shop gambling which is a virtual version of the paper casino gambling. Bahamians are not exempted by law (under the Lotteries and Gaming Act) to participate as online (web shop) gamblers. Financial constraints to secure bank accounts may be a deterrent factor for Bahamian locals to enter into web shop gambling. Regulations on anti-money laundering inflict exorbitant charges (Communication, 2012, para.31). A national legal framework for web shop gambling may be necessary, particularly to direction on Bahamians interested in investing. However, gambling money is perceived as not decent. Conclusion The Bahamian economy is anchored on tourism revenue. This is characterized by the dominance of foreign visitors flocking to the country. The economy benefits from financial services as well as state revenue collections generated from taxation regimes on the tourism products and packages. This means that the influx of visitors is an indicator of the ability of the state to suppress drawbacks while maximizing the opportunities available to better the economy. The success in the Bahamian tourism industry can partly be measured in the ability to sustain mass tourism. Lottery activities boast a long history in The Bahamas (spanning over nine decades). Flourishing of lottery activities within The Bahamas is attributed to the presence of a robust and booming tourism industry. Statistics show that for every visitor spending worth US$ 1 million in lottery entertainment activities o ver 35 jobs are sustained. Web shop lottery activities account for over four thousand jobs. In the lottery industry, expatriates account for 12 percent of the employee base in The Bahamas. This gives the implication of the employment standards in the lottery industry in The Bahamas. The lottery activities survived existence during the cradle years as a supplementary package for tourism entertainment. Now the lottery industry in The Bahamas has grown to the extent of initiating the virtual version where gambles need not to be physically present. This is known as the web shop gambling. In recognition of the contribution of lottery activities to The Bahamian economy, the Lotteries and Gaming Act was put in place in 1969. A Gaming Board institution was put in place to administer and oversee countrywide lottery activities. In addition, the Board has to advise the responsible minister on pertinent matters, be it legislation or other administrative issues. The Bahamas government has establ ished four means of generating revenue from the lottery activities. Taxes, licenses as well as working and business permits directly generate revenue to the government. Edwards (2009) provide the direct and gross revenue for the fiscal period July 1999 June 2000 to be more than US$ 20 million. In the fiscal year 2002/ 2003, revenue collected was US$ 2 million higher. In the financial year 2007/ 2008, the revenue projections pegged on the lottery was at US$ 28 million. The amount is economically attractive considering the emolument and running deductions leave behind 85 percent net income that is reverting to the economic development of the country. A pattern can be generated for the fiscal proceeds that the industry is economically growing. It is interesting to understand how the government has been able to maintain the industry economically robust yet the law exempts the Bahamians from participating as gamblers. Over and above, Revenue from table winnings have generated more to th e economy yet are even fewer than slot machines. Nevertheless, the growing invest interest in the lottery industry by renowned multinational corporations could partly explain the economic significance. Web shop gambling alone generates annual revenue of more than US$ 1 million yet there exists no national frameworks to leverage its activities. The stop over visitor numbers engaging in lottery entertainment has undergone minimal growth compared to the overall visitor numbers. Nevertheless, tax revenue from lottery activities has had a positive association with visitor stopover numbers over the time. Population dynamics and geography present challenge to the full commercialization of lottery activities in the Bahamas. The proximity to stiff competitors like the State of Florida in the USA explains this challenge. Actually, The Bahamas is losing lottery business opportunities to the state of Florida due to the friendly lottery spending environment even for the Bahamians. Unless, the go vernment takes an accelerated and forward thinking step while diversifying the lottery entertainment packages then the revenue that would likely destined into The Bahamas will end up to its competitors. The initially perceived negative social and moral impacts of legalizing lottery activities in The Bahamas have over the time waned off. The legal exemption of the Bahamians from participating in lottery activities as gamblers may have made the significant difference. However, with the existence of the web shop gambling that does not exempt Bahamians it still remains unclear whether the moral and ethical issues are completely addressed amicably. Regulators may have to forgo moral and ethical strictness allowing more economic liberty in order for business owners to break even particularly in the web shop gambling. Web shop gambling requires heavy capital investment that is not readily available among the Bahamians. Other business risks including security may present more barriers of en try for the Bahamians interested in investing in web shop gambling. Having a legal framework in place to regulate lottery activities has not benefited the government, economically but also weather down any barriers of entry for international investors. Probably, this presents the likely path for the government in order to enable the Bahamians to equally benefit from the opportunities originating from the development of the gaming industry; a case in point is the web shop gambling. References Boxill, I. (2009). Casino Gambling in Jamaica: Lessons and Policy Options. In J Cheesman (Eds.), Jamaica’s Casino Initiative: The Policy Options (pp.1-17). Mona Campus: The University of the West Indies. Communication By The Right Honourable Perry G. Christie, Prime Minister And Member For Centreville Re: Referendum On National Lottery And Web Shop Gaming. (2012). Retrieved from http://bahamasuncensored.com/website_update_11_18_12/lottery.pdf Edwards, J. (2009). Casino Gambling and The Ba hamian Economy: Development, Economic Impacts and Competitiveness Issues. In J Cheesman (Eds.), Jamaica’s Casino Initiative: The Policy Options (pp.18-43). Mona Campus: The University of the West Indies. Karagiannis, N. and Madjd-Sadjadi, Z. (2011). Framing The Bahamian Developmental State: An Alternative Policy Package To Neoliberal Failure. International Journal of Peace and Development Studies, 2(4), 96-109. Web.

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Nationality, immigration and asylum law Coursework

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